Who the national credit act really helped
Plenty has been written about the damaging practices in the micro-lending industry. One of the main intentions of the National Credit Act was to stamp out lending practices which resulted in the poorest of the poor paying up to 360% per annum on micro-loans. A recent article in the Financial Mail provides some interesting insight into the world of micro-finance.
The article focuses on African Bank’s recent acquisition of Ellerines. It is an interesting transaction that makes sense because of the huge reliance local furniture retailers place on short-term finance to generate their operating profits. Financial services contribute 70% to Ellerines’ annual profit; and probably make up a similar slice of JD Group the country’s other furniture retail giant... And this makes the 1 200 furniture retail stores in the Ellerines stable little more than glorified banks...
FAIS Ombud had good reason to lambaste retailers
Lending practices at the furniture retailers has not escaped regulatory attention. On 29 January 2008 the FAIS Ombud issued a determination which sent a stern warning to the sector. The 89 page ruling highlights that abuses still occur in South Africa’s highly regulated financial services arena; helped by the blurring of lines between furniture retail and credit provision.
The case summarises an all too familiar horror story that plays out when the poor and uneducated purchase furniture on credit. The complainant, Ntiya Thulisiwe Gumede, purchased a small television set and stove from Barnetts (part of JD Group) in Port Sheptson. Gumede purchased items with a cash price of R2 779.88 and a TV Licence for R225.00. By the time she left the store the price of her purchase had more than doubled, and she owed Barnetts a total of R6 468.89.
People who buy goods on credit expect to pay interest on the outstanding amount. What they are not prepared for is the charges for credit life and other insurance that are ‘sold’ during the financing process. When FAnews Online first reported on this case we noted that the store would have completed the transaction legally if the sales person had paid more attention to detail. The ‘numbers’ in the deal that caused the ruckus are perfectly legal. It was the financial advice component (and the FAIS Act) that allowed the Ombud to determine in favour of the claimant.
Financial services ‘add-ons’ still causing trouble
And it seems the practice of lashing credit life and other insurance to credit sales at furniture retailers is as strong as ever. The Financial Mail ‘purchased’ a lounge suite from an Ellerines store in Roodepoort to see if Pillai still has cause for concern. The price tag on the item was R11 649 (which could be paid with a R1 164 deposit and 24 monthly payments or R800.97). So buying the item over two years ends up costing R20 387! Incidentally the interest rate on this purchase (stripping out the deposit and repaying R10 485 over two years) amounts to 60%. And that’s the maximum a consumer can be charged for unsecured credit!
“But the actual repayments were only a small fraction of Ellerines’ plans,” states the magazine. Additional charges included an initiation fee of R460, a deliver fee of R385 and a massive R3 026.19 in credit life insurance. In addition ‘optional’ insurance of R138.33 per month was offered to cover the goods for the life of the loan. The end result is that insurance and other financial service product ‘add-ons’ inflate the contract by R4 774.06 (or 40% of the value of the purchase). And these charges exceed the interest charge of R4 558 too.
Clearly the Act did not go far enough in regulating the fees that can be charged on loans in addition to interest. Once these fees are included, the total cost of finance rockets. For example, a consumer borrowing R8 000 over six months ends up paying an effective interest rate of 96% per annum if the maximum fees are applied. If this doesn’t clarify African Bank’s decision to snap up Ellerines, then nothing will.
Editor’s thoughts:
The National Credit Act seems to create the false illusion that entry level borrowers are protected from exploitation. The truth is the Act’s maximum allowable interest rates combined with high fees allow credit lenders to make just as much money as before – with legal backing. Should the National Credit Act be tweaked to offer poor consumers better protection? Send your comment to [email protected] or add them below.
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