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FAIS Ombud ruling: Do all your clients comply with the policy terms and conditions?

18 February 2008 | Compliance - Regulatory | FAIS Ombudsman | Gareth Stokes

How much should a financial adviser pay in compensation for failing to fully inform a client about policy wording? According to FAIS Ombud, Charles Pillai, the adviser should compensate the client the full amount of the loss incurred. This is evident in his latest ruling in the case of J Victor, a businessman from Glenvista (the claimant), and Gideon Bosman of Tectum Portfolio Services (the respondent).

The facts of the case are fairly simple. A 2005 KIA K2700 was insured with ABSA Insurance Company on a business policy. One year later the vehicle (then valued at approximately R135 000) was stolen and a claim submitted. ABSA repudiated the claim based on the policy wording which required the insurer to supply documentary evidence that the vehicle was fitted with a tracking device before a theft claim would be entertained. But who was to blame for the oversight?

Policy wording must be communicated

The complainant lodged a claim with the FAIS Ombud based on the fact he had not been informed of the requirement to install a tracking device in the vehicle. Before we examine the Ombud’s findings, let’s pause for a moment to consider how this vital information should have been communicated. The bottom line is obviously the policy document, which both insurance broker and insured should have read. The insured thus has some responsibility to ensure he has attempted to enlighten himself as to the wordings of the document he has just signed.

The broker should also make sure the various important exclusions are drawn to the insured’s attention. This should happen during the sales and policy implementation process. But there is another party so often overlooked by the regulators – namely the product supplier. If the service provider did not receive a tracking device certificate with the initial policy application why did they not follow up with the broker – it is a partnership afterall.

How was the policy documentation set out? Is vital policy requirement/s set out clearly (not hidden beneath longwinded endorsements). It is clear that product providers must simplify policy documentation and wordings.

The insurance broker shoulders the blame

We think it is fair to say that all parties to this transaction could shoulder a portion of the blame. The product supplier, financial adviser and insured could all have done more to ensure that the requirement for a tracking device was met. But the FAIS Ombud determination places the full responsibility on the insurance broker. He points out that the broker must ensure that the policy schedule is “in accordance with the client’s instructions.” Pillai further notes that the tracking device requirement is clearly endorsed in the policy schedule forwarded by ABSA to the broker for onward transmission to the claimant. “Where the insurer included additional terms or conditions for cover or for any specific type of cover, it was essential that the Respondent bring this to the attention of the insured within a reasonable time,” said Pillai.

Further to this, Section 7 of the General Code of Conduct for Authorised Financial Services Providers clearly states: “that a provider must give a reasonable and appropriate general explanation of the nature and material terms of the relevant contract or transaction to a client, and generally make full and frank disclosure of any information that would reasonably be expected to enable the client to make an informed decision.” Notice thought that in this instance the insurance broker (and not ABSA) is viewed as the provider...

Pay the claim in full

Pillai continues: “It was incumbent upon the respondent to pertinently draw the complainant’s attention to the requirement endorsed on the policy schedule which was not included in the quotations so that he could make ‘an informed decision’ on whether he was prepared to accept the term added by the insurer.

“The respondent’s failure to properly and timeously inform the complainant of the insurer’s requirement ultimately led to the repudiation of the theft claim by the insurer.”

The Ombud assigns 100% of the blame for the incident to the insurance broker and orders him to pay the full amount ABSA Insurance would have paid had the claim not been repudiated – a total of R87 000. If we were in the insurance broking business we’d be doing a full audit of our books, making sure each client is fully apprised of the details in their policy schedules!

Editor’s thoughts:
Regulators in the financial service industry place emphasis on the terms ‘fair’ and ‘equitable’. Do you believe the Ombud is being fair and equitable in forcing the insurance broker to shoulder the entire financial burden in this case? Should the client and product provider not share some of the blame? Send your comments to [email protected] or simply submit them at the end of this article.

Comments

Added by JV, 21 Feb 2008
As JC said, we do not have all the facts. However, one has to ask exactly how long is a piece of string? Yes, the broker has an obligation to discluse, just as the end user has an obligation to ensure that he understands the terms and conditions. Ultimately, the contracting parties are the client and the underwriter. If the underwriter has a certain pre-condition on the policy which the client fails to adhere to, then the underwriter should either refuse to implement the policy and reject and premiums received, else allow the policy to continue and adjust the premium downwards, based on these exclusions. The client has thus by default rejected the precondition by not submitting proof of a tracking device and accepted cover without this condition. The underwriter could also have amended the cover to 3rd party and fire only, at ta lower premium. The underwriter is therfore co-responsible by allowing this cover to continue. At the very least, the claim should have been honoured, as the underwriter continued to accept the full premium, as if all preconditions have been met. Repudiation in this instance is bad business and shifting the blame. The broker cannot be held accountable for bad faith and mal-administration by the underwriter.
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Added by MN, 20 Feb 2008
I feel the REQUIREMENT of a fitted system should be part of the quote in order for the client to sign next to it, ( cover the broker in case of "your word against mine" ). The insurance company can surely not come with Surprise conditions, AFTER acceptance of the quote.
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Added by Maria, 19 Feb 2008
Insurer should compensate the policyholder, as the policy is between the insurer and the policyholder, and they should ensure that all documentation and conditions have been received/ complied to, before deducting further premiums/ any premiums. The insurer must ensure that they appoint competent intermediaries. The insurer can then try to recoup it's losses from the intermediary, after the policyholder has been paid out.
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Added by Charmaine, 19 Feb 2008
I have to say that I agree with the compliance guru - Anton Swanepoel. He has been encouraging brokers for the last three and a half years to ask their product providers to provide them with Section 7 disclosures on all products. Unless all brokers stand together and ask their broker consultants to provide such disclosures, we will continue to see brokers being found wanting in light of the requirements of the Act. A section 7 disclosure should be issued by the product supplier containing all the fine print issues for the broker to discuss and explain to the understanding and satisfaction of the client.
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Added by JC, 19 Feb 2008
Obviously we do not know the whole story on this one but:- This exclusion is critical and it appears that the Insurance company should definitely share some of the blame unless, like all the insurance companies I know do send regular reminders on outstanding requirements. Then the broker is to blame. The can of worms this opens is however serious and the Ombud needs to make a clear list of what he would put into the same category of seriousness. The spillover could be excesses, percentage payouts on geysers, excessive mileage affecting the value of the claim and many others that the clients should take responsibility of by reading the paperwork. Brokers should have a general disclaimer: It is your responsibility to read the document carefully and familiarize yourself with the excesses and conditions of cover (or something like that)
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Added by RegBes, 18 Feb 2008
If “making sure each client is fully apprised of the details in their policy schedules!" is not the brokers job then whose responsibility is it then? The broker is paid commission for this reason, if they failed to do his job they should be fully liable
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Added by Adv Ken Silke, 18 Feb 2008
Surely the principle of caveat emptor should apply? The broker is not the insured's keeper.
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Added by Elna Rudman, 18 Feb 2008
Yet again the importance of proper recordkeeping is of the essence, if the Broker had a clear note of discussions with the insured or copy of a letter on file or if he recorded conversations, he would have been in a better position to defend himself. The question I would want answered is if ABSA at the time of quotation informed the Broker of their requirement.
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Added by Deon Oliver, 18 Feb 2008
1.Surely the Underwriting department of any insurance company will suspend theft/hijacking cover if they do not receive a certificate of proof within a reasonable period of time.(Normally 7 days) 2. It is interesting that the Ombud takes the burden of reading a policy schedule off the poor consumer!!! 3. It is standard practice for a broker to inform clients about all security requirements,but it is unfair to penalize broker alone.
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Added by Dion, 18 Feb 2008
This ruling sets a serious precident. The contract is between the Insurer and the client ( not the broker and the client ) and surely the principle of "the buyer beware" must have some bearing on the case. Instead this ruling absolves the client of all responsibility to read and ensure that he complies with the conditions of the contract. It is not practical for the broker to explain every detail and condition of the policy to the client. If this is what is now required then what would be the purpose of a written policy contract being sent to the client.
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Added by Tanya van Zyl, 18 Feb 2008
A year before Mr Pillai came into office my car was stolen and claim repudiated because I could not provide a VESA certificate. At 21, I placed all my trust in the broker that ticked the block on my behalf to confirm that my car adhered to all security requirements. In the five years that I paid my premium the insurer also never queried the fact that they've never seen this certificate. I read the document, but did not know that there even was something like a VESA certificate. In the 9 months that followed, I got cold shoulders from both Ombuds offices, insurance company and broker involved - and I lost my car, on which the last payment was made a month after it was stolen! If this came down to disclosing technical information I could agree with some of the comments, but security measures are vital for a claim to pay out. In my view the broker and the insurer could share the cost of the Ombud's ruling.
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Added by Birgittt, 18 Feb 2008
Hi Gareth, The obligation on the Insurer to advise the broker that their requirement are outstanding should not be overlooked in this instance!...The buck keeps getting placed on the shoulder of the broker with no obligation on the Insurer. It is unacceptable ...a letter could have been generated by the Assurer and sent to the client with a copy letter to the broker stating that unless they receive their outstanding req by a certain date that full cover will not be provided....how can a broker be held liable for something his client ultimately does not comply with...!!!
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Added by Ralph, 18 Feb 2008
I think the obudsman was fair because the client do not know about what are the requirements for the insurence to pay when claim arise. I had a similar case where my brother passed away while he was still paying car instalment at Toyota Finance. Toyota Finance wants to repossese the car. I requested for the Client Advice Record but they sent me Acknowledgement of Freedom of Choice, which there is no advice written that if he dies without group life cover the car will be reposesed but only a list of choices. The caes was not taken by the obudsman.
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Added by Marius, 18 Feb 2008
What would the ruling be if the Insurer was a Direct Company?
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Added by Money maker, 18 Feb 2008
The Ombud and the insurance companies are creating their own future advice dilema. I'm working in the Aussie market at present. Some years ago similar regulations were introduced as are being introduced in the SA market right now. Advisers left in droves and took up other safer carreers. It seems to me that the regulators see advisers as having this enormous pool of maoney to tap into. Maybe they think the big insurance companies secretly pay these 'awards' on behalf of the adviser; who knows? But the wheel will turn and when it does the lack of willing advisers will hurt the bottom line profit of these larger players. In the near future, they will find that they will go to desperate measures to recruit advisers and they will pay huge money in salaries and commissions as compensation to the advisers that remain to cover for these increased risks that they have foistered on advisers . In my opinion the Ombud insults the intelligence of many clients by assuming that they are plain stupid. So as a generalisation a client will pretend to be plain stupid and will win his case. Clients and Insurers are so seldom called in to question when it comes to basic infomation. What ever happened to the legal principle of 'Caveat Subscriptor" - which in plain english means "be aware of what you have signed". Imagine if, when presented with a contract of sale of a house, a car, or perhaps when signing a bank's surity documentation you as a party to the agreement could claim that the 'bank" didnt bring to your attention, or didnt tell you of every possible phrase and for that reason you could get out of the contract. In my humble opinion, this is what it appears to be comming to in SA.
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Added by Sulette, 18 Feb 2008
I feel that the Ombudsman was a bit harsh on the broker. Did he have a detailed policy wording is his possession of the client? If so (or if the requirements was clearly stated on the summary that we as brokers receive) then yes, by all means he (or his office staff dealing with amendments) are guilty as charged. But in most cases the brokers only receive a brief summary of cover, not always stating the requirements. The client is also to blame, he received the contract in the mail, and I believe that we all know it's in our own best interests to read the policy wording in your own time. And to make sure you fully understand what is required from you. If he did not understand the contract, he could have gone to broker to advise him accordingly. I also feel that the insurance company (or the person loading the new application / amendment ) should have brought it under the broker's attention to provide the necessary proof of the requirements. But I'm sure we can debate this topic for years to come, let's just learn the importance of doing everything with diligence and care!
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Added by another broker, 18 Feb 2008
The ombud is trying to take all the blame away from the client and the insurance companies. Firstly yes the broker has to tell the client what is expected with regards to general underwriting (tracking device) but the client surely can read a normal policy schedule and the insurance company with inception of policy must do "second " underwriting - do not accept a policy without the necessary documents. I feel strongly that this is a three way street and all three parties should take the blame. Clients is not stupid but they "play the game" - act innocently to get the ruling of the ombudsman. The insurance company (AIC) play dump/blind and deaf and put all the blame on the broker. Who is protecting the broker? Nobody. Come on Mr Ombud, the clients is playing your hand!
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